Tethered Cord
Syndrome
Tethered spinal cord syndrome is a rare neurological disorder where the spinal cord is attached, or tethered, to the tissues around the spine. This tethering of the spinal cord restricts its movements and prevents it from keeping up with its ongoing growth as the body grows. This causes the spine to stretch and elongate abnormally, which may cause nerve damage and extreme pain.
Tethered cord syndrome has been linked to spina bifida and scoliosis. Roughly 20% to 50% of children who were diagnosed with spina bifida at birth and have undergone surgery to correct its impacts on their body may need surgery later in life to untether the spinal cord as well.
Some children are diagnosed with tethered cord syndrome at birth (what’s known as a congenital condition), whereas others get symptoms of the condition as infants or during their early childhood. In some cases, people with tethered cord syndrome show no visible sign of the condition until they become adults.
Most incidents of tethered cord syndrome are developmental — that is, they unfold as the child grows older. This happens as fibrous connective tissue builds up in the filum terminale, which typically runs from the L1 vertebra of the spinal cord up to the beginning of the coccyx, or tailbone.
These fibrous tissues are non-elastic and are part of the neural tube. The neural tube is formed in the embryonic stage and later forms the spinal cord. The fibrous tissue comes out of the neural tube and attaches itself to the spine when the neural tube doesn’t close completely. This is what restricts the movement of the spinal cord.
Because tethered cord syndrome is a physiological condition, it can be reversed if doctors are able to detect it in its early stages and perform surgery soon after.
Llama:
Symbolically the Llama represents determination, focus, and confidence. The llama has a determination to move through life no matter how heavy the load is. The toughness the llama has can adapt to the situation it finds itself in. When carrying Tethered Cord Syndrome having the Llama radiate an energy of confidence to push through the hard situations of life
1. Origin and Domestication: Llamas (Lama glama) are domesticated South American camelids that originated from the highlands of the Andes in Peru and Bolivia. They have been domesticated for various purposes for thousands of years.
2. Pack Animals: Llamas are known for their strength and ability to carry heavy loads. They have been used as pack animals by indigenous people in the Andes for transporting goods across rugged terrains.
3. Wool and Fiber: Llamas produce a soft and luxurious fiber, known as llama wool, which is used for various textile applications. Their wool comes in a range of natural colors, including white, black, brown, and shades of gray.
4. Social Animals: Llamas are social creatures and are often kept in herds. They are known to form strong bonds with their herd mates and can be protective of each other.
5. Communication: Llamas communicate through various vocalizations, including humming, clucking, and screaming. They use these sounds to express different emotions and to communicate with each other.
6. Adaptability to Altitude: Llamas are well adapted to high altitudes and can thrive in mountainous regions up to 14,000 feet. Their efficient oxygen utilization and sturdy build make them suitable for such environments.
7. Grazers and Browsers: Llamas are herbivores with a diet primarily consisting of grass, but they are also known to browse on shrubs and trees. Their selective eating habits contribute to their adaptability to different environments.
8. Gentle Temperament: Llamas are generally known for their gentle and docile temperament, but they can be protective when needed. Some individuals are even used as guard animals to protect livestock from predators.
9. Lifespan: The average lifespan of a llama is around 15 to 25 years. Their longevity makes them a long-term investment for those who choose to raise them for various purposes.
10. Unique Ears: Llamas have large, banana-shaped ears that can swivel independently. This feature contributes to their keen sense of hearing, allowing them to detect potential threats from different directions.
The Pioneering Legacy of Dr. Fred B. Albee: Founder of Tethered Cord Syndrome
Introduction
Tethered Cord Syndrome (TCS) is a rare neurological condition characterized by an abnormal attachment of the spinal cord to surrounding tissues. This condition can lead to a range of symptoms, including back pain, difficulty walking, and neurological deficits. The discovery and understanding of TCS can be attributed to the pioneering work of Dr. Fred B. Albee, a visionary neurosurgeon who made significant contributions to the field of spinal surgery.
Early Life and Education
Born on November 5, 1876, in Lansing, Michigan, Fred Byron Albee showed an early inclination towards medicine. He pursued his undergraduate studies at the University of Michigan and later attended the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (now part of Columbia University’s Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons), where he earned his medical degree in 1899.
Contributions to Orthopedic Surgery
Dr. Albee gained recognition for his contributions to orthopedic surgery, particularly in the treatment of spinal deformities. He was known for pioneering surgical techniques, including spinal fusion procedures, to correct conditions like scoliosis. His innovative approaches revolutionized the field and improved the quality of life for countless patients.
Discovery of Tethered Cord Syndrome
In the early 20th century, Dr. Albee encountered a series of patients with puzzling neurological symptoms that defied conventional diagnosis. These patients presented with a range of symptoms, including back pain, weakness in the legs, and urinary difficulties. Intrigued by this enigma, Dr. Albee embarked on a journey to uncover the underlying cause.
Through meticulous research and extensive surgical experience, Dr. Albee identified a common thread among these cases: an abnormal attachment of the spinal cord to surrounding tissues. This discovery marked the birth of what would later be known as Tethered Cord Syndrome.
Groundbreaking Treatments
With his newfound understanding of TCS, Dr. Albee pioneered surgical techniques to address the condition. He developed innovative approaches to release the tethered spinal cord, providing relief to patients suffering from this debilitating condition.
Legacy and Impact
Dr. Albee’s groundbreaking work on Tethered Cord Syndrome transformed the landscape of neurosurgery. His contributions not only improved the lives of individuals directly affected by TCS but also paved the way for further advancements in the field of spinal surgery.
Furthermore, Dr. Albee’s dedication to patient care and relentless pursuit of knowledge set a standard for excellence in medicine. His legacy continues to inspire neurosurgeons and medical professionals around the world to push boundaries and seek innovative solutions to complex medical challenges.
Conclusion
Dr. Fred B. Albee’s pioneering work in the field of neurosurgery, particularly in the discovery and treatment of Tethered Cord Syndrome, remains a testament to the power of curiosity, innovation, and perseverance in medicine. His legacy endures through the countless patients who have benefitted from his revolutionary surgical techniques, and his impact continues to shape the practice of neurosurgery to this day. Dr. Albee’s contributions stand as a beacon of inspiration for future generations of medical professionals, reminding them of the immense potential for discovery and progress in the field of medicine.